Zipf’s Law, Benford’s Law, and Pareto Rule

Generalizing Benfords Law Using Power Laws: Application to Integer Sequences

A simple method to derive parametric analytical extensions of Benford’s law for first digits of numerical data is proposed. Two generalized Benford distributions are considered, namely the two-sided power Benford (TSPB) distribution, which has been introduced in Hürlimann(2003), and the new Pareto Benford (PB) distribution. Based on the minimum chisquare estimators, the fitting capabilities of ...

Kinetics of wealth and the Pareto law.

An important class of economic models involve agents whose wealth changes due to transactions with other agents. Several authors have pointed out an analogy with kinetic theory, which describes molecules whose momentum and energy change due to interactions with other molecules. We pursue this analogy and derive a Boltzmann equation for the time evolution of the wealth distribution of a populati...

Power laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf’s law

When the probability of measuring a particular value of some quantity varies inversely as a power of that value, the quantity is said to follow a power law, also known variously as Zipf’s law or the Pareto distribution. Power laws appear widely in physics, biology, earth and planetary sciences, economics and finance, computer science, demography and the social sciences. For instance, the distri...

The Rule of Law and the Law of Precedents

The rule of Mitigation of Damages in Medical Law and the Influence of Religious Beliefs in Applying this Rule (Comparative Study with American Law)

When one hurts or sustains a loss or damage due to harmful act, he or she shouldn't be motionless and after that, claim restitution but should act reasonably and do his or her best for blocking or decreasing of loss. The question is. Can this rule also apply to medical law? When patient hurts or subject to hurt because of physician's or other related persons' mistake, injured person should do a...